Solids, Liquids and Gases Notes

WHAT IS MATTER?

•      The object that occupies space and has mass is called matter.

•      Everything around us is made up of matter.

        For example: chocolate cake, ice, oxygen etc.

•      Even, we, the human beings are made up of matter.

•      Matter makes up the walls of your house and your classroom.

•      Matter is large as well as small.

•      So, we can say that objects occupy space.

•      But objects have mass too. (Mass is related to how much something weighs.)

PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT IN MATTER

Solids:

•      In solids, the particles are tightly packed in a rigid pattern and so cannot move away from each other.

Figure 2: Particle arrangement in solid state

•      This is why solids generally have a fixed shape.

       For example: pen, pencil, wood, bottle, steel, etc.

•      A solid has fixed size and shape.

Liquids:

CHANGE OF STATE

•      Matter can change from one state to another.

       For example, water (liquid) can be changed into steam which is a gas, and ice (solid) can melt and changes into water (liquid).

•      These changes depend upon the movement of the tiny particles present in it.

Evaporation:

•      The process of conversion of liquid into gaseous state is called evaporation.

•      This happens because on heating; the particles of water start moving (or vibrating) faster.