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Fibre and fabric

 


FIBRE AND FABRIC


•    Many a time, when we try to thread a needle, the end of the thread is separated into a few thin strands.

•    This makes it difficult to pass the thread through the eye of the needle. 

•    The thin strands of thread that we see, are made up of thinner strands called fibres.

•    Fabrics are made up of yarns and yarns are further made up of fibres.

•    The fibres present in our food are called dietary fibres.

•    They are made up of cellulose.

•    They form an important component of our food.

•    In animals, fibres are present in muscles and also as hair or fur.

•    These fibres are made up of long chains of proteins.

•    The process of turning fibres into fabric can be outlined as:

Fibres to yarn:

•    Fibres are generally thin and short in length.

•    When a bunch of fibre is pressed and twisted, it can be converted into long, strong threads called yarn.

•    The process of twisting fibres to make yarn is called spinning.

Yarn to fabric:

•    There are many ways by which fabrics are made from yarns.

•    The two main processes are:

Weaving:

•    A fabric is made up of two sets of yarns arranged together.

•    The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving.

•    Weaving is done on devices called looms.

•    Small looms which can be operated manually are called handlooms.

Knitting:

•    In knitting, a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric.

•    A single yarn gets pulled out continuously as the fabric gets unravelled (separated).

•    Knitting is done by hand and also on machines.

•    Weaving and knitting are used for making different kinds of fabric.

•    These fabrics are used for a variety of clothing items.

•    For example, a frock, a dress, denim, a cap, a hat, gloves, etc.