Coal and petroleum Worksheet-5

Coal and petroleum Worksheet-5

1. Define the term fossil fuels.

2. What product is formed when coal is heated in absence of air?

3. Name any four products of petroleum refining.

4. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

5. What is the slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal called?

6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources?

7. What are inexhaustible natural resources?

8. What are exhaustible natural resources?

9. How is coke obtained?

10. Name the purest form of carbon.

11. How is coal tar formed?

12. Name the gas which is formed when coal is heated in absence of air.

13. How is petroleum formed?

14. Why petroleum is called a fossil fuel?

15. What is meant by refining of petroleum?

16. Where is petroleum found in India?

17. How is natural gas formed?

18. Expand CNG.

Answer:

1. Fuels formed from the buried remains of plants and animals over a period of millions of years are called Fossil fuels. Ex- coal, petroleum, and natural gas

2. Coke is a hard, dry fuel produced by heating bituminous coal to a very high temperature in the absence of air. Coke has high carbon content and is used as a fuel and in steel manufacture

3. Diesel, kerosene, lubricating oil, petrol

4. Bitumen, a petroleum product, is now used in place of coal tar for surfacing roads.

5. Carbonisation is the slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal.

6. It takes millions of years for the formation of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum etc. Once exhausted it will again take long time for its formation.

7. There is limitless supply of these types of natural resources. The inexhaustible resources are not exhausted by the use of man. Sunlight and air are some of the examples of inexhaustible natural resources.

8. These natural resources are exhausted by the use of man. It includes the renewable and non -renewable resources.

Renewable resources- examples: Soil nutrients, water, biodiesel

Non-renewable resources- examples: Fossil fuel coal, petroleum, natural gas

9. Coke is obtained by heating coal to a very high temperature in the absence of air.

10. Coke is the purest form of carbon.

11. Coal tar is a thick, black, opaque fluid obtained as a by-product of the process of manufacturing coke. It is used in anti-dandruff shampoos, ointments, soaps, perfumes, etc

12. Coal gas is a gaseous fuel obtained when coal is heated in the absence of air.

13. Enormous heat and pressure transformed the remains of tiny marine organisms that died millions of years ago to petroleum and natural gas.

14. As petroleum is obtained from the remains of tiny marine organisms that died millions of years ago it is called fossil fuel.

15. Petroleum or crude oil is a complex mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous hydrocarbons. Refining of petroleum is done for separation of useful substances in oil refineries. It is done by Fractional distillation.

16. 'Digboi' (Assam), the century old oilwell 

Around Gulf of Khambat in Gujarat
Off-shore in Arabian Sea, spread out from Mumbai up to a hundred miles

17. The marine organisms died, their bodies settled at the bottom of the sea and got covered with layers of sand and clay. Absence of air, high temperature and high pressure over millions of years transformed the dead organisms into petroleum and natural gas.

18. Compressed natural gas.