Gateway of India
Its design is a combination of both Hindu and a Muslim architectural style; the arch is in Muslim style while the decorations are in Hindu style. The Gateway is built from yellow basalt and reinforced concrete. The stone was locally obtained, and the perforated screens were brought from Gwalior.
The central dome is 15 metres (49 feet) in diameter and is 26 metres (85 feet) above ground at its highest point. On each side of the arch are large halls .The whole harbor front was realigned in order to come in line with a planned esplanade which hold six hundred people. The cost of the construction was Rs. 21 lakhs (2,100,000), borne mainly by the Government of India. For lack of funds, the approach road was never built, and so the Gateway stands at an angle to the road leading up to it. The writing on the Gateway of India reads "Erected to commemorate the landing in India of their Imperial Majesties King George V and Queen Mary on the Second of December MCMXI".
The foundation stone was laid on 31 March 1911, by the Governor of Bombay Sir George Sydenham Clarke, with the final design of George Wittet sanctioned in 31 March 1913. The architect combined the elements of the Roman triumphal arch and the 16th century architecture of Gujarat. Between 1915 and 1919, the work proceeded on reclamations at Apollo Bundar (Port) for the land on which the gateway and the new sea wall would be built. The foundations were completed in 1920, and construction was finished in 1924. The Gateway was opened on 4 December 1924, by the Viceroy, the Earl of Reading. Gammon India claims that it did India's first pre-cast reinforced concrete job for the foundation of the Gateway of India.
The last British troops to leave India following India's independence, the first Battalion of the Somerset Light Infantry, passed through the Gateway on their way out in a ceremony on 28 February 1948.
The Gateway of India itself is a major tourist destination and is a starting point for boats that leave for the Elephanta Caves. It is also right next to the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower hotel. For Britishers arriving for the first time to India the gateway was a symbol of the power and majesty of the British Empire.
Opposite the gateway stands the statue of Maharaja Shivaji, a symbol of Maratha pride and courage. The gateway was the site of a major bomb-blast in August 2003 and was the disembarkation point of the terrorists participating in the November attacks. Public movement in certain areas was restricted after the 2008 attacks.
Multiple-Choice Question:
(A) perforated screens (B) perforated shields
(C) perforated marble (D) perforated stones
(A) 48 feet (B) 25 feet (C) 49 feet (D) 85 feet
(A) Sir George Sydenham Clarke (B) King George V
(C) Queen Mary (D) George Wittet
(A) Elephanta caves (B) The Taj Mahal Palace
(C) Statue of Shivaji (D) Gateway of India
(A) England and Gujarat (B) Rome and Maharashtra
(C) Gwalior and Rome (D) Rome and Gujarat
Fill in the blanks:
True/False:
Answer key
(1)–(A); (2)–(D); (3)–(D); (4)–(C); (5)–(D); (6)–Gammon India; (7)–Statue of Maharaja Shivaji; (8)–Elephant Caves; (9)–Yellow Basalt; (10)–4 December,1924; (11)–True; (12)–False; (13)–False; (14)–False; (15)–True