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Heredity and evolution Worksheet-16

Heredity and evolution Worksheet-16

 

  1. Define the terms :

(i) Analogous organs          (ii) Sex chromosome

 

  1. In terms of evolution, what is the significance of homology between a human hand and a wing of a bird?

 

  1. What is meant by analogous organs? Taking a suitable example, explain how they support the theory of Organic Evolution.

 

  1. Mention any four details that can be inferred about organisms from their fossils.

 

  1. What are fossils? Of what interest are fossils to the evolutionary biologists?

 

  1. Name one organ analogous to the wing of bird. Why are they both analogous? Can you include the wing of bat also with them under the same category? Give reason.

 

  1. Differentiate between homologous and analogous organs. Give one example of each.

 

  1. Give any two reasons why Mendel selected pea for his experiments?

 

  1. List any three structures in animals as examples of homologous organs.

 

  1. Explain the mechanism of sex determination in human beings.

 

  1. Define genetics. What is the contribution of Mendel in this branch of Biology?

 

  1. What is a sex chromosome?

 

  1. What does the science of Genetics deal with?

 

  1. How the study of fossils is considered significant?

 

  1. What was the basic study material of Mendel? How did he bring the term 'factor'?

 

  1.   Why are asexually reproducing organisms capable of showing the hereditary features more?

 

  1. How will you substantiate the statement that heredity and its concepts were known to the ancient civilisations?

 

  1. Which plant was chosen by Mendel to work upon? What was his observation?

 

  1. With suitable example highlight how temperature has an effect on sex determination in the animal world.

 

  1. How will you conclude that birds are closely related to reptiles?

 

  1. Explain with an example how differences take place in asexual reproduction.

 

  1. Who was named the 'father of genetics' and why?

 

  1. Explain with an example how trait is inherited in human beings.

 

  1. How does genes control traits?

 

  1. What is genetic drift?

 

  1. Explain natural selection.

 

  1. What are the basic characteristics of organisms?

 

  1. How will you determine the age of fossil?

 

  1. Give the uses of fossils.

 

  1. Write a note on molecular phylogeny.