Matter in our surrounding Worksheet-1

Matter in our surrounding Worksheet-1

1. According to ancient philosophers matter consists of:

A. three constituents                    B. four constituents

C. five constituents                       D. six constituents.

2. Which of the following statements is not correct?

A. Matter is continuous in nature.

B. Interparticle spaces are maximum in the gaseous state of a substance

C. Particles which constitute the matter follow a zig-zag path

D. Solid state is the most compact state of a substance.

3. Which out of the following in incorrect?

A. Solids have fixed shape and fixed volume

B. We can easily compress a liquid but not a gas

C. Solids have negligible kinetic energy of the particles

D. Property of diffusion is maximum in the gaseous state.

4. A gas can be best liquefied :

A. by increasing the temperature

B. by lowering the pressure

C. by increasing the pressure and lowering the temperature

D. none of these is correct.

5. The correct order of evaporation of water, alcohol, petrol and kerosene is :

A. water > alcohol > kerosene > petrol

B. alcohol > petrol > water > kerosene

C. petrol > alcohol > water > kerosene

D. petrol > kerosene > alcohol > water.

6. When the liquid starts boiling, the further heat energy which is supplied :

A. is lost to the surrounding as such

B. increases the temperature of the liquid

C. increases the kinetic energy of the particles in the liquid

D. is absorbed as latent heat of vaporisation by the liquid.

7. 10°C temperature is equal to :

A. 163 K             B. 10 K               C. 183 K             D. 283 K

8. Which of the following will sublime ?

A. Common salt                            B. Sugar

C. Camphor                                   D. Potassium nitrate.

9. Which of the following statements is not correct for liquid state ?

A. Particles are loosly packed in the liquid state

B. Fluidity is the maximum in the liquid state

C. Liquids can be compressed

D. Liquids take up the shape of any container in which these are placed.

10. Dry ice is :

A. Solid ammonia                        B. Solid carbon dioxide

C. Solid sulphur dioxide             D. Normal ice.

Answer Key:

1. C

Explanation: Matter is made up of five constituents also called tatvas (air, water, earth, fire and sky).

2. A

Explanation: Matter has particle nature and is not continuous.

3. B

Explanation: Due to more interparticle space gasses can be easily compressed as compared to liquids.

4. C

Explanation: On increasing pressure and decreasing temperature gas can be converted to liquid.

The temperature at which gas changes into liquid is called critical temperature.

5. D

Explanation: Evaporation of liquid depends upon the interparticle force of attraction. The lesser is the forceof attraction more will be the evaporation. It is least in petrol followed by kerosene then alcohol and in water extensive hydrogen bonding is present due to which its boiling point is high.

6. D

Explanation: Heat is absorbed as latent heat of vapourisation.

As long as liquid is not boiled, the heat energy which is supplied increases the kinetic energy of particles present in water. Once the liquid starts boiling the heat energy is used to brinchange in the state (liquid-gas). It is known as latent heat of vapourisation.

7. D

Explanation: (10 + 273) = 283K

8. C

Explanation: Camphor, ammonium chloride, Phenophthelene sublimes i.e. change from solid to gaseous state directly without passing through liquid state upon heating.

9. B

Explanation: Fluidity is maximum in the gaseous state and not in the liquid state.

10. B

Explanation: Solid CO₂ is dry ice.