Summary

SUMMARY

Animal nutrition includes nutrient requirement, mode of intake of food and its utilisation in the body.
The process of nutrition involves the following five stages: ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion.
The four different types of teeth in humans are incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
In humans, two sets of teeth arise in their lifetime: the milk teeth and the permanent teeth.
Amoeba ingests its food with the help of its false feet or pseudopodia. The food is digested in the food vacuole.
Digestion is a complex process involving: (i) ingestion, (ii) digestion, (iii) absorption, (iv) assimilation and (v) egestion.
The main digestive glands which secrete digestive juices are (i) the salivary glands, (ii) the liver and (iii) the pancreas.
The process of digestion begins in the mouth where the food is mixed with saliva.
The major part of the digestive process takes place in the stomach and the small intestine.
The stomach wall and the wall of the small intestine also secrete digestive juices.
The modes of feeding vary in different organisms.
The absorbed substances are transported to different parts of the body.
Water and some salts are absorbed from the undigested food in the large intestine.
Solid waste is stored in the rectum and passed out of the anus.
The grazing animals like cows, buffaloes, goats, sheeps, etc. are known as ruminants.
Ruminants have a four-chambered stomach made up of the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum.
Absorption begins in the rumen and the omasum but the majority of the nutrients are absorbed in the small and the large intestines.