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Special symbols used in chemical equation

SPECIAL SYMBOLS USED IN CHEMICAL EQUATION

  • A chemical equation conveys important information about a chemical reaction.
  • The reactants and products are shown using their symbols and formulae.
  • Besides this, special symbols are used to give important information.
  • The special symbols used in a chemical equation are:

 

Special symbols used in chemical equations:

Symbol

Meaning

X(s)

X is a solid

Y(i)

Y is a liquid

Z(g)

Z is a gas

C(aq)

C is in the form of an aqueous solution, i.e., dissolved in water.

A↑ or Ag

A is a gas which is evolved

B↓

B is an insoluble product and is precipitated

→

The reaction takes place in only one direction – the forward direction

The reaction is reversible. It can take place in both directions – forward and backward.

Δ

Heat energy supplied

 

Examples: 

2Pb(NO3)2(s) 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + AgCl↓