Acids, Bases and Salts Notes

• We use a large number of substances in our daily life such as lemon, tamarind, common salt, sugar and vinegar. These substances can be classified into groups based on their physical properties.
• Substances can be grouped simply on the basis of their taste also i.e. sweet, salty, sour, or bitter to taste.

Example:

• If we squeeze a lemon and taste the juice without adding water or sugar, it will taste extremely sour.

• Curd, lemon juice, orange juice and vinegar taste sour as they contain acids and chemical nature of such substances is acidic.
• The word acid comes from the Latin word ‘acere’ which means sour.
• The acids in these substances are natural acids.
• Some substances are bitter in taste.

Baking soda

Acidic substances contain acids. Acids are of two types:

1. Mineral or laboratory acids
2. Organic acids

Acids can be strong like mineral acids or weak like organic acids.

Mineral Acids/Laboratory Acids: